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Production of H 2 by water radiolysis in cement paste under electron irradiation: A joint experimental and theoretical study

TitleProduction of H 2 by water radiolysis in cement paste under electron irradiation: A joint experimental and theoretical study
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsLe Caer S, Dezerald L, Boukari K, Laine M, Taupin sébastien, Kavanagh RM, Johnston CSN, Foy E, Charpentier T, Krakowiak KJ, Pellenq RJean-Marc, Ulm F-J, Tribello GA, Kohanoff JJ, Saùl A
JournalCement and Concrete Research
Volume100
Pagination110 - 118
Date PublishedOct-2017
ISSN00088846
Abstract

Long-term confinement of nuclear waste is one of the main challenges faced by the nuclear industry. Fission products such as Sr-90 and Cs-137, both beta(-) emitters known to induce serious health hazards, represent the largest fraction of nuclear waste. Cement is a good candidate to store them, provided it can resist the effects of irradiation over time. Here, we have investigated the effects of beta(-) decay on cement by performing electron irradiation experiments on different samples. We show that H-2 production in cement, the main effect of water radiolysis, depends strongly on composition and relative humidity. First-principles calculations indicate that the water-rich interlayer regions with Ca2+ ions act as electron traps that promote the formation of H-2. They also show that holes localize in water-rich regions in low Ca content samples and are then able to participate in H-2 production. This work provides new understanding of radiolysis effects in cements.

URLhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0008884617302065
DOI10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.05.022
Short TitleCement and Concrete Research
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